Summer ... What to do? Care not to engine to overheat
Summer can be sweltering temperatures inside and outside the car when the sun then . The heat of the engine it is required to take care. From engine heat gauge regularly. This works well when the heat gauge was correct. When the gauge shows the temperature higher than normal. Would demonstrate abnormal cooling system of the car .
If the cooling system of an engine malfunction. To prevent harm occurring to the engine maintenance is timely and to the point before the problems escalate aggressive .
The cooling system of the car new. I have not had much problem may not be aware of . Just keep water as scheduled And maintain the water level was only fit enough. But at last , more Need more care as well. Care and prevent excessive overheating with 5 to do the following.
1.Persistent care honeycomb radiator for leaks and the condition under normal conditions can be cooled well. Nothing is blocking airflow The radiator is a device that transfers heat from water to air heat exchanger is the radiator drain poorly. The engine was overheating and malfunction.
2.Valve is also equipped with one key. Water valves control the heat of the engine. The temperature is too low But when the temperature reaches the set . Water valve is opened to allow water circulation cooling radiator. But if the valve does not open or freezes , it does not come off the radiator cooling was made an unusually hot and crash.
3.water in the radiator regularly. The water is not just open the taps to fill water . But we have to refill the radiator down.
4. Lubricant It is the cause of heat as well. If the quality is not good enough Or insufficient The oil is to reduce friction in the engine. If you do poorly Heat is followed
5. fuel Some people think that some tuning Oil . ( Less fuel than air ) will save the economy , but it is not much. Heat is supplied to us instead. If some oil Air is hot Oil Some tuning Not good for the engine much . Tuning to some extent , it seems to be the best choice over.
Not only focus on technology-driven cars with electric power. Two wheel motorcycle automotive industry has developed in this field as well. It 's not a motorcycle home but also come with beautiful design equivalent speed and big bike heavyweights ever.
Lito Sora is the name of this motorcycle . Naked sporty style exterior design lamp sphere. Show full upside down front shock absorber and a large storage tank positioned on the car. Below comes with the battery and electric motor with cover shape . Large comfortable leather one . The latter reveals a large rear suspension featured.
3-phase AC electric motor drive system consists of a high torque to 90 Nm worked with CVT transmission power continuously. The charge of Li-Polymer battery to drive at speeds of up to 190 km / h in a distance of up to 200 miles on a full battery. And spent about 9 hours on a single charge. It can also be recharged by braking .
The car weighs just 260 kilograms is the result of structural bearings , aluminum and carbon fiber chassis, which also has many facilities including a power adjustable seat position . 5.7 inch touch screen display GPS data on Inventory and USB connector for charging smartphones .
Sora Lito electric motorcycle will be available in February 2014 with a starting price of U.S. $ 48,500 .
Automobile
An automobile, autocar, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. Most definitions of the term specify that automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.
The year 1886 is regarded the year of birth of the modern automobile - with the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, by German inventor Karl Benz. Motorized wagons soon replaced animal-drafted carriages, especially after automobiles became affordable for many people when the Ford Model T was introduced in 1908. The term motorcar has formerly also been used in the context of electrified rail systems to denote a car which functions as a small locomotive but also provides space for passengers and baggage. These locomotive cars were often used on suburban routes by both interurban and intercity railroad systems.
It was estimated in 2010 that the number of automobiles had risen to over 1 billion vehicles, up from the 500 million of 1986.The numbers are increasing rapidly, especially in China, India and other NICs.
Etymology The word automobile comes, via the French automobile from the Ancient Greek word (autós, "self") and the Latin mobilis ("movable"); meaning a vehicle that moves itself. The loanword was first adopted in English by The New York Times in 1899.The alternative name car is believed to originate from the Latin word carrus or carrum ("wheeled vehicle"), or the Middle English word carre ("cart") (from Old North French), in turn these are said to have originated from the Gaulish word karros (a Gallic Chariot).
engine or motor is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external combustion engines (such as steam engines) burn a fuel to create heat, which then creates motion. Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use compressed air and others—such as clockwork motors in wind-up toys—use elastic energy. In biological systems, molecular motors, like myosins in muscles, use chemical energy to create motion.
"Engine" was originally a term for any mechanical device that converts force into motion. Hence, pre-industrial weapons such as catapults, trebuchets and battering rams were called "siege engines". The word "gin," as in "cotton gin", is short for "engine." The word derives from Old French engin, from the Latin ingenium, which is also the root of the word ingenious. Most mechanical devices invented during the industrial revolution were described as engines—the steam engine being a notable example.[citation needed] In modern usage, the term engine typically describes devices, like steam engines and internal combustion engines, that burn or otherwise consume fuel to perform mechanical work by exerting a torque or linear force to drive machinery that generates electricity, pumps water, or compresses gas. In the context of propulsion systems, an air-breathing engine is one that uses atmospheric air to oxidise the fuel rather than supplying an independent oxidizer, as in a rocket. When the internal combustion engine was invented, the term "motor" was initially used to distinguish it from the steam engine—which was in wide use at the time, powering locomotives and other vehicles such as steam rollers. "Motor" and "engine" later came to be used interchangeably in casual discourse. However, technically, the two words have different meanings. An engine is a device that burns or otherwise consumes fuel, changing its chemical composition, whereas a motor is a device driven by electricity, which does not change the chemical composition of its energy source.A heat engine may also serve as a prime mover—a component that transforms the flow or changes in pressure of a fluid into mechanical energy.An automobile powered by an internal combustion engine may make use of various motors and pumps, but ultimately all such devices derive their power from the engine. Another way of looking at it is that a motor receives power from an external source, and then converts it into mechanical energy, while an engine creates power from pressure (derived directly from the explosive force of combustion or other chemical reaction, or secondarily from the action of some such force on other substances such as air, water, or steam).Devices converting heat energy into motion are commonly referred to simply as engines.
The Wankel engine is a type of internal combustion engine using an eccentric rotary design to convert pressure into rotating motion. Over the commonly used reciprocating piston designs the Wankel engine delivers advantages of: simplicity, smoothness, compactness, high revolutions per minute and a high power to weight ratio. The engine is commonly referred to as a rotary engine, though this name applies also to other completely different designs. Its four-stroke cycle occurs in a moving combustion chamber between the inside of an oval-like epitrochoid-shaped housing and a rotor that is similar in shape to a Reuleaux triangle with sides that are somewhat flatter. The engine was invented by German engineer Felix Wankel. He received his first patent for the engine in 1929, began development in the early 1950s at NSU and completed a working prototype in 1957. NSU subsequently licensed the design to companies around the world, who have continually improved the design. Thanks to the compact design and unique advantages over the most common internal combustion engine in use employing reciprocating pistons, Wankel rotary engines have been installed in a variety of vehicles and devices including: automobiles, motorcycles, racing cars, aircraft, go-karts, jet skis, snowmobiles, chain saws, and auxiliary power units.
In the Wankel engine, the four strokes of a typical Otto cycle occur in the space between a three-sided symmetric rotor and the inside of a housing. In each rotor of the Wankel engine, the oval-like epitrochoid-shaped housing surrounds a rotor which is triangular with bow-shaped flanks (often confused with a Reuleaux triangle, a three-pointed curve of constant width, but with the bulge in the middle of each side a bit more flattened). The theoretical shape of the rotor between the fixed corners is the result of a minimization of the volume of the geometric combustion chamber and a maximization of the compression ratio, respectively.The symmetric curve connecting two arbitrary apexes of the rotor is maximized in the direction of the inner housing shape with the constraint that it not touch the housing at any angle of rotation (an arc is not a solution of this optimization problem). The central drive shaft, called the eccentric shaft or E-shaft, passes through the center of the rotor and is supported by fixed bearings.The rotors ride on eccentrics (analogous to crankpins) integral to the eccentric shaft (analogous to a crankshaft). The rotors both rotate around the eccentrics and make orbital revolutions around the eccentric shaft. Seals at the corners of the rotor seal against the periphery of the housing, dividing it into three moving combustion chambers.The rotation of each rotor on its own axis is caused and controlled by a pair of synchronizing gears A fixed gear mounted on one side of the rotor housing engages a ring gear attached to the rotor and ensures the rotor moves exactly 1/3 turn for each turn of the eccentric shaft. The power output of the engine is not transmitted through the synchronizing gears.The force of gas pressure on the rotor (to a first approximation) goes directly to the center of the eccentric, part of the output shaft. The easiest way to visualize the action of the engine in the animation at left is to look not at the rotor itself, but the cavity created between it and the housing. The Wankel engine is actually a variable-volume progressing-cavity system. Thus there are 3 cavities per housing, all repeating the same cycle. Note as well that points A and B on the rotor and e-shaft turn at different speeds—Point B circles 3 times as often as point A does, so that one full orbit of the rotor equates to 3 turns of the e-shaft. As the rotor rotates and orbitally revolves, each side of the rotor is brought closer to and then away from the wall of the housing, compressing and expanding the combustion chamber like the strokes of a piston in a reciprocating engine. The power vector of the combustion stage goes through the center of the offset lobe. While a four-stroke piston engine makes one combustion stroke per cylinder for every two rotations of the crankshaft (that is, one-half power stroke per crankshaft rotation per cylinder), each combustion chamber in the Wankel generates one combustion stroke per driveshaft rotation, i.e. one power stroke per rotor orbital revolution and three power strokes per rotor rotation. Thus, power output of a Wankel engine is generally higher than that of a four-stroke piston engine of similar engine displacement in a similar state of tune; and higher than that of a four-stroke piston engine of similar physical dimensions and weight. Wankel engines generally have a much higher redline than reciprocating engines of similar power output. This is due to the smoothness inherent in circular motion, and because there are no highly stressed parts such as crankshafts, camshafts or connecting rods. Eccentric shafts do not have the stress related contours of crankshafts. The redline of a rotary engine is limited by tooth load on the synchronizing gears (Kenichi Yamamoto: Rotary Engine, 1981, 3. 3. 2, Fig. 3.17 page -25-). Hardened steel gears are used for extended operation above 7000 or 8000 rpm. Mazda Wankel engines in auto racing are operated above 10,000 rpm. In aircraft they are used conservatively, up to 6500 or 7500 rpm. However, as gas pressure participates in seal efficiency, racing a Wankel engine at high rpm under no load conditions can destroy the engine. National agencies that tax automobiles according to displacement and regulatory bodies in automobile racing variously consider the Wankel engine to be equivalent to a four-stroke engine of 1.5 to 2 times the displacement; some racing series ban it altogether.
EcoBoost is a family of turbocharged, direct injected petrol engines produced by the Ford Motor Company and co-developed by FEV engineering. Engines equipped with EcoBoost technology are designed to deliver power and torque consistent with larger engine displacement, naturally aspirated engines while achieving approximately 20% better fuel efficiency and 15% reduced greenhouse emissions than these same engines. Relative to the power output and fuel efficiency of hybrid and diesel technologies, Ford sees EcoBoost as an affordable and versatile alternative and intends to use it extensively in future vehicle applications.
EcoBoost I-3
1.0 L EcoBoost I-3
Ford EcoBoost 1,0
Ford currently produces a 1.0-litre turbocharged In-Line three cylinder engine for the EcoBoost family developed at Ford's Dunton Technical Centre in the UK. Production started in April 2012. The 1.0 comes initially in two versions: 74 kW (101 PS; 99 hp) and 88 to 92 kW (120 to 125 PS; 118 to 123 hp). The more powerful version delivers a maximum of 170 N·m (125 lb·ft) from 1,400–4,500 rpm and 200 N·m (148 lb·ft) on overboost, which makes for a broad torque curve when compared to a naturally aspirated gasoline engine . The engine block is cast iron instead of aluminum for up to 50% faster warm-up, at the expense of additional weight.[12][13] Due to natural vibrations of a 3-cylinder design, the flywheel has been deliberately unbalanced to ensure smooth running, without the use of energy sapping balance shafts. The engine also features an internal timing belt, bathed in the engine oil, for long life and greater efficiency and reduced noise. The exhaust manifold is cast into the cylinder head, reducing warm up times and therefore further aiding efficiency. All this is packaged in an engine block the size of an A4 sheet of paper. With the introduction of face lifted 2013 Ford Fiesta, Ford introduced naturally aspirated version of 1.0 Fox engine. There are two versions producing 65 hp and 80 hp, both engines uses Direct Injection and Ti-VCT like turbocharged versions, start-stop technology is also available.
The engines are produced in Cologne, Germany and Craiova, Romania with production to later expand in Chongqing, China. Production is expected to be 700,000–1,500,000 units per year. The engine is available in Ford Focus, the Ford Focus-based C-MAX and Grand C-MAX, and the Fiesta-based B-Max. Ford has claimed it may be available in the future for the North American markets.
Ford has announced that the 1.0L Ecoboost engine will be available for the American market starting with the all-new 2014 Ford Fiesta Sedan and Hatchback. It was announced at the 2012 Los Angeles Auto Show, when the 2014 Fiesta was introduced.
